List of U.S. states and territories by African-American population
The following is a list of U.S. states, territories and the District of Columbia ranked by the proportion of African Americans of full or partial descent, including those of Hispanic origin, in the population. Considering only those who marked "black" and no other race in combination, as in the first table, the percentage was 12.4% in 2020, down from 12.6% in 2010.[1] While those who selected black and any other race in combination was 14.2%.
2020 census (single race)
[edit]| Rank | State or territory | % Black or African American alone or in combination[2] |
Black or African American alone or in combination Population (2020) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Virgin Islands (U.S.) |
76.0% | 80,908[3] |
| 2 |  District of Columbia |
41.41% | 285,810 |
| 3 |  Mississippi |
37.94% | 1,084,481 |
| 4 |  Louisiana |
33.13% | 1,464,023 |
| 5 |  Georgia |
33.03% | 3,320,513 |
| 6 |  Maryland |
32.01% | 1,820,472 |
| 7 |  Alabama |
29.80% | 1,296,162 |
| 8 |  South Carolina |
27.09% | 1,280,531 |
| 9 |  North Carolina |
23.50% | 2,140,217 |
| 10 |  Delaware |
22.11% | 218,899 |
| 11 |  Virginia |
21.60% | 1,607,581 |
| 12 |  Tennessee |
19.80% | 1,092,948 |
| 13 |  Puerto Rico |
17.46% | 328,711 |
| 14 |  Florida |
17.11% | 3,246,381 |
| 15 |  Arkansas |
17.10% | 453,783 |
| 16 |  New York |
16.89% | 2,986,172 |
| 17 |  Illinois |
16.19% | 1,808,271 |
| 18 |  Michigan |
15.76% | 1,376,579 |
| 19 |  New Jersey |
15.19% | 1,219,770 |
| − |  United States of America |
14.20% | 47,511,020 |
| 20 |  Ohio |
12.58% | 1,478,781 |
| 21 |  Texas |
12.21% | 3,552,997 |
| 22 |  Missouri |
11.40% | 699,840 |
| 23 |  Pennsylvania |
11.30% | 1,423,169 |
| 24 |  Connecticut |
10.88% | 388,675 |
| 25 |  Nevada |
10.80% | 304,739 |
| 26 |  Indiana |
10.60% | 648,513 |
| 27 |  Kentucky |
8.09% | 362,417 |
| 28 |  Oklahoma |
7.39% | 289,961 |
| 29 |  Massachusetts |
7.09% | 494,029 |
| 30 |  Minnesota |
7.08% | 398,434 |
| 31 |  Wisconsin |
6.40% | 376,256 |
| 32 |  California |
6.30% | 2,237,044 |
| 33 |  Kansas |
5.79% | 168,809 |
| 34 |  Rhode Island |
5.78% | 62,168 |
| 35 |  Nebraska |
5.77% | 96,535 |
| 36 |  Arizona |
5.76% | 339,150 |
| 37 |  Colorado |
5.19% | 234,828 |
| 38 |  Iowa |
5.14% | 131,972 |
| 39 |  Washington |
5.09% | 407,565 |
| 40 |  North Dakota |
3.9% | 26,783 |
| 41 |  West Virginia |
3.76% | 65,813 |
| 42 |  Alaska |
3.70% | 21,898 |
| 43 |  New Mexico |
2.28% | 55,904 |
| 44 |  Oregon |
2.26% | 182,655 |
| 45 |  South Dakota |
2.24% | 17,842 |
| 46 |  Maine |
1.90% | 25,752 |
| 47 |  Hawaii |
1.60% | 23,417 |
| 48 |  New Hampshire |
1.50% | 20,127 |
| 49 |  Vermont |
1.40% | 9,034 |
| 50 |  Utah |
1.20% | 40,058 |
| 51 |  Guam |
1.0%[4] | 1,540[4] |
| 52 |  Idaho |
0.99% | 15,726 |
| 53 |  Wyoming |
0.91% | 5,232 |
| 54 |  Montana |
0.50% | 5,484 |
| 55 |  Northern Mariana Islands |
0.1%[5] | 55[5] |
| 56 |  American Samoa |
0.02%[6] | 13[6] |
African-American proportion of state and territory populations (1790–2020)
[edit]From 1787 to 1868, enslaved African Americans were counted in the U.S. census under the Three-fifths Compromise. The compromise was an agreement reached during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention over the counting of slaves in determining a state's total population. This count would determine the number of seats for each state in the U.S. House of Representatives and, should direct taxation be imposed by Congress (which was never done under Article I, section 2, clause 3 of the Constitution), how much each state would pay in taxes. The compromise counted three-fifths of each state's slave population toward that state's total population for the purpose of apportioning the U.S. House of Representatives. Even though slaves were denied voting rights, this gave Southern states more U.S. representatives and more presidential electoral votes than if slaves had not been counted. Free blacks and indentured servants were not affected by the proviso, and each was counted as one full person for representation.[7]
In the United States Constitution, the Three-fifths Compromise is part of Article 1, Section 2, Clause 3. Section 2 of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868) later superseded this clause and explicitly repealed the compromise.
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| State/Territory | 1790 | 1800 | 1810 | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States of America |
19.3% | 18.9% | 19.0% | 18.4% | 18.1% | 16.8% | 15.7% | 14.1% | 12.7% | 13.1% | 11.9% | 11.6% | 10.7% | 9.9% | 9.7% | 9.8% | 10.0% | 10.5% | 11.1% | 11.7% | 12.1% | 12.9% | 13.6% | 14.2% |
| Alabama |
41.4% | 29.0% | 33.2% | 38.5% | 43.3% | 44.7% | 45.4% | 47.7% | 47.5% | 44.8% | 45.2% | 42.5% | 38.4% | 35.7% | 34.7% | 32.0% | 30.0% | 26.2% | 25.6% | 25.3% | 26.0% | 26.3% | 26.8% | |
| Alaska |
0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 3.0% | 3.0% | 3.4% | 4.1% | 4.3% | 4.7% | 4.8% | ||||||||||||
| American Samoa |
0.02% | 0.04% | 0.02% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Arizona |
0.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 1.0% | 2.4% | 2.5% | 3.0% | 3.5% | 3.3% | 3.0% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 3.6% | 5.0% | 6.2% | |||||||
| Arkansas |
13.0% | 11.7% | 15.5% | 20.9% | 22.7% | 25.6% | 25.2% | 26.3% | 27.4% | 28.0% | 28.1% | 27.0% | 25.8% | 24.8% | 22.3% | 21.8% | 18.3% | 16.3% | 15.9% | 16.0% | 16.1% | 16.5% | ||
| California |
1.0% | 1.1% | 0.8% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.1% | 1.4% | 1.8% | 4.4% | 5.6% | 7.0% | 7.7% | 7.4% | 7.4% | 7.2% | 7.1% | ||||||
| Colorado |
0.1% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.6% | 1.4% | 1.2% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.5% | 2.3% | 3.0% | 3.5% | 4.0% | 4.4% | 5.0% | 5.5% | |||||||
| Connecticut |
2.3% | 2.5% | 2.6% | 2.9% | 2.7% | 2.6% | 2.1% | 1.9% | 1.8% | 1.9% | 1.6% | 1.7% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.8% | 1.9% | 2.7% | 4.2% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 8.3% | 10.0% | 11.3% | 13.0% |
| Delaware |
21.6% | 22.4% | 23.8% | 24.0% | 24.9% | 25.0% | 22.2% | 19.3% | 18.2% | 18.0% | 16.8% | 16.6% | 15.4% | 13.6% | 13.7% | 13.5% | 13.7% | 13.6% | 14.3% | 16.1% | 16.9% | 20.1% | 22.9% | 24.7% |
| District of Columbia |
30.4% | 33.1% | 31.2% | 30.1% | 29.1% | 26.6% | 19.1% | 33.0% | 33.6% | 32.8% | 31.1% | 28.5% | 25.1% | 27.1% | 28.2% | 35.0% | 53.9% | 71.1% | 70.3% | 65.8% | 61.3% | 52.2% | 44.2% | |
| Florida |
47.1% | 48.7% | 46.0% | 44.6% | 48.8% | 47.0% | 42.5% | 43.7% | 41.0% | 34.0% | 29.4% | 27.1% | 21.8% | 17.8% | 15.3% | 13.8% | 13.6% | 15.5% | 17.0% | 17.2% | ||||
| Georgia |
35.9% | 37.1% | 42.5% | 44.4% | 42.6% | 41.0% | 42.4% | 44.0% | 46.0% | 47.0% | 46.7% | 46.7% | 45.1% | 41.7% | 36.8% | 34.7% | 30.9% | 28.5% | 25.9% | 26.8% | 27.0% | 29.2% | 31.5% | 33.0% |
| Guam |
2.37% | 1.02% | 0.96% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Hawaii |
0.2% | 0.4% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.5% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.8% | 2.5% | 2.8% | 2.9% | 3.2% | |||||||||||
| Idaho |
0.4% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 1.0% | 1.5% | ||||||||
| Illinois |
7.4% | 6.4% | 2.5% | 1.5% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 1.1% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 1.8% | 1.9% | 2.8% | 4.3% | 4.9% | 7.4% | 10.3% | 12.8% | 14.7% | 14.8% | 15.6% | 15.4% | 15.5% | |
| Indiana |
4.4% | 2.6% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 0.8% | 1.5% | 2.0% | 2.1% | 2.3% | 2.2% | 2.8% | 3.5% | 3.6% | 4.4% | 5.8% | 6.9% | 7.6% | 7.8% | 8.8% | 10.1% | 11.2% | |
| Iowa |
0.4% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 0.9% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 2.5% | 3.7% | 5.4% | |||||
| Kansas |
0.6% | 4.7% | 4.3% | 3.5% | 3.5% | 3.2% | 3.3% | 3.5% | 3.6% | 3.8% | 4.2% | 4.8% | 5.3% | 5.8% | 6.3% | 7.1% | 7.6% | |||||||
| Kentucky |
17.0% | 18.6% | 20.2% | 22.9% | 24.7% | 24.3% | 22.5% | 20.4% | 16.8% | 16.5% | 14.4% | 13.3% | 11.4% | 9.8% | 8.6% | 7.5% | 6.9% | 7.1% | 7.2% | 7.1% | 7.1% | 7.7% | 8.7% | 9.7% |
| Louisiana |
55.2% | 51.8% | 58.5% | 55.0% | 50.7% | 49.5% | 50.1% | 51.5% | 50.0% | 47.1% | 43.1% | 38.9% | 36.9% | 35.9% | 32.9% | 31.9% | 29.8% | 29.4% | 30.8% | 32.9% | 32.8% | 33.1% | ||
| Maine |
0.6% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.7% | 1.6% | 2.7% |
| Maryland |
34.7% | 36.7% | 38.2% | 36.1% | 34.9% | 32.3% | 28.3% | 24.9% | 22.5% | 22.5% | 20.7% | 19.8% | 17.9% | 16.9% | 16.9% | 16.6% | 16.5% | 16.7% | 17.8% | 22.7% | 24.9% | 28.8% | 30.9% | 32.0% |
| Massachusetts |
1.4% | 1.5% | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 0.9% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.6% | 2.2% | 3.1% | 3.9% | 5.0% | 6.3% | 7.8% | 9.5% |
| Michigan |
3.7% | 3.0% | 2.1% | 0.8% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.6% | 1.6% | 3.5% | 4.0% | 6.9% | 9.2% | 11.2% | 12.9% | 13.9% | 14.8% | 15.2% | 15.3% | |
| Minnesota |
0.6% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.3% | 2.2% | 4.1% | 6.2% | 8.5% | ||||||
| Mississippi |
41.5% | 47.0% | 44.1% | 48.4% | 52.3% | 51.2% | 55.3% | 53.7% | 57.5% | 57.6% | 58.5% | 56.2% | 52.2% | 50.2% | 49.2% | 45.3% | 42.0% | 36.8% | 35.2% | 35.6% | 36.6% | 37.6% | 37.9% | |
| Missouri |
17.6% | 15.9% | 18.3% | 15.6% | 13.2% | 10.0% | 6.9% | 6.7% | 5.6% | 5.2% | 4.8% | 5.2% | 6.2% | 6.5% | 7.5% | 9.0% | 10.3% | 10.5% | 10.7% | 11.7% | 12.5% | 13.0% | ||
| Montana |
0.9% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.8% | 1.2% | ||||||||
| Nebraska |
0.3% | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.5% | 2.1% | 2.7% | 3.1% | 3.6% | 4.4% | 5.4% | 6.4% | |||||||
| Nevada |
0.7% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 2.7% | 4.7% | 5.7% | 6.4% | 6.6% | 7.5% | 9.4% | 12.1% | |||||||
| New Hampshire |
0.6% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 1.0% | 1.7% | 2.4% |
| New Jersey |
7.7% | 8.0% | 7.6% | 7.2% | 6.4% | 5.8% | 4.9% | 3.8% | 3.4% | 3.4% | 3.3% | 3.7% | 3.5% | 3.7% | 5.2% | 5.5% | 6.6% | 8.5% | 10.7% | 12.6% | 13.4% | 14.4% | 14.8% | 15.2% |
| New Mexico |
0.0% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.8% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.6% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.2% | 1.8% | 1.9% | 1.8% | 2.0% | 2.3% | 2.8% | 3.2% | ||||||
| New York |
7.6% | 5.3% | 4.2% | 2.9% | 2.3% | 2.1% | 1.6% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.9% | 3.3% | 4.2% | 6.2% | 8.4% | 11.9% | 13.7% | 15.9% | 17.0% | 17.2% | 17.5% |
| North Carolina |
26.8% | 29.4% | 32.2% | 34.4% | 35.9% | 35.6% | 36.4% | 36.4% | 36.6% | 38.0% | 34.7% | 33.0% | 31.6% | 29.8% | 29.0% | 27.5% | 25.8% | 24.5% | 22.2% | 22.4% | 22.0% | 22.1% | 22.6% | 22.5% |
| North Dakota |
1.0% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 1.6% | 4.4% | ||||||||
| Northern Mariana Islands |
0.06% | 0.06% | 0.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Ohio |
0.5% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.6% | 2.4% | 2.5% | 2.4% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 3.2% | 4.7% | 4.9% | 6.5% | 8.1% | 9.1% | 10.0% | 10.6% | 12.1% | 13.4% | 14.4% | |
| Oklahoma |
8.4% | 7.0% | 8.3% | 7.4% | 7.2% | 7.2% | 6.5% | 6.6% | 6.7% | 6.8% | 7.4% | 8.3% | 8.7% | 9.7% | ||||||||||
| Oregon |
0.5% | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.6% | 2.1% | 2.6% | 3.2% | ||||||
| Pennsylvania |
2.4% | 2.7% | 2.9% | 2.9% | 2.8% | 2.8% | 2.3% | 2.0% | 1.9% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.5% | 2.5% | 3.3% | 4.5% | 4.7% | 6.1% | 7.5% | 8.6% | 8.8% | 9.2% | 10.5% | 11.9% | 12.7% |
| Puerto Rico |
10.9% | 14.8% | 17.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Rhode Island |
6.3% | 5.3% | 4.8% | 4.3% | 3.7% | 3.0% | 2.5% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.3% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.8% | 2.1% | 2.7% | 2.9% | 3.9% | 5.5% | 7.4% | 9.1% |
| South Carolina |
43.7% | 43.2% | 48.4% | 52.8% | 55.6% | 56.4% | 58.9% | 58.6% | 58.9% | 60.7% | 59.8% | 58.4% | 55.2% | 51.4% | 45.6% | 42.9% | 38.8% | 34.8% | 30.5% | 30.4% | 29.8% | 29.9% | 28.8% | 26.8% |
| South Dakota |
0.0% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.9% | 1.8% | 3.0% | |||||||
| Tennessee |
10.6% | 13.2% | 17.5% | 19.6% | 21.4% | 22.7% | 24.5% | 25.5% | 25.6% | 26.1% | 24.4% | 23.8% | 21.7% | 19.3% | 18.3% | 17.4% | 16.1% | 16.5% | 15.8% | 15.8% | 16.0% | 16.8% | 17.4% | 17.3% |
| Texas |
27.5% | 30.3% | 31.0% | 24.7% | 21.8% | 20.4% | 17.7% | 15.9% | 14.7% | 14.4% | 12.7% | 12.4% | 12.5% | 12.0% | 11.9% | 12.0% | 12.6% | 13.6% | ||||||
| Utah |
0.4% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.7% | 1.1% | 1.6% | 2.1% | ||||||
| Vermont |
0.3% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.7% | 1.5% | 2.2% |
| Virgin Islands (U.S.) |
N/A[a][14] | N/A[b][15] | N/A[c][16] | N/A[d][17] | N/A[e][18] | N/A[f][19] | N/A[g][20] | 76.62% | 76.19% | 76.03% | 71.04% [h] [21] | |||||||||||||
| Virginia |
43.4% | 44.6% | 47.1% | 47.8% | 47.9% | 46.9% | 45.0% | 43.3% | 41.9% | 41.8% | 38.4% | 35.6% | 32.6% | 29.9% | 26.8% | 24.7% | 22.1% | 20.6% | 18.5% | 18.9% | 18.8% | 20.4% | 20.7% | 20.9% |
| Washington |
0.3% | 0.9% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 1.3% | 1.7% | 2.1% | 2.6% | 3.1% | 4.4% | 4.8% | 5.8% | |||||||
| West Virginia |
9.5% | 9.8% | 11.5% | 12.1% | 11.2% | 9.6% | 7.8% | 5.6% | 4.1% | 4.2% | 4.3% | 4.5% | 5.3% | 5.9% | 6.6% | 6.2% | 5.7% | 4.8% | 3.9% | 3.3% | 3.1% | 3.5% | 4.2% | 5.0% |
| Wisconsin |
1.2% | 1.8% | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 1.9% | 2.9% | 3.9% | 5.0% | 6.1% | 7.1% | 7.7% | |||
| Wyoming |
2.0% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.0% | 1.5% | 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.7% | ||||||||
a^It is a % of 26,051; The 1920 census has the population but not the percentage of Black people in the Virgin Islands but based on the percentage values known the percentage had to be higher than 76.6%
b^It is a % of 22,012; The 1930 census has the population but not the percentage of Black people in the Virgin Islands but based on the percentage values known the percentage had to be higher than 76.6%
c^It is a % of 24,880; The 1940 census has the population but not the percentage of Black people in the Virgin Islands but based on the percentage values known the percentage had to be higher than 76.6%
d^It is a % of 26,665; The 1950 census has the population but not the percentage of Black people in the Virgin Islands but based on the percentage values known the percentage had to be higher than 76.6%
e^It is a % of 32,099; The 1960 census has the population but not the percentage of Black people in the Virgin Islands but based on the percentage values known the percentage had to be higher than 76.6%
f^It is a % of 63,200; The 1970 census has the population but not the percentage of Black people in the Virgin Islands but based on the percentage values known the percentage had to be higher than 76.6%
g^It is a % of 95,591; The 1980 census has the population but not the percentage of Black people in the Virgin Islands but based on the percentage values known the percentage had to be higher than 76.6%
h ^ % is from 62,183
Free blacks as a percentage out of the total black population by U.S. region and U.S. state between 1790 and 1860
[edit]In 1865, all enslaved blacks (African Americans) in the United States were emancipated as a result of the Thirteenth Amendment. However, some U.S. states had previously emancipated some or all of their black population. The table below shows the percentage of free blacks as a percentage of the total black population in various U.S. regions and U.S. states between 1790 and 1860 (the blank areas on the chart below mean that there is no data for those specific regions or states in those specific years).[citation needed]
| State/territory | 1790 | 1800 | 1810 | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States |
7.9% | 10.8% | 13.5% | 13.2% | 13.7% | 13.4% | 11.9% | 11.0% |
| Northeast | 40.1% | 56.2% | 73.5% | 83.7% | 97.8% | 99.5% | 99.8% | 100.0% |
| Midwest | 78.7% | 52.4% | 38.0% | 37.7% | 34.4% | 35.5% | 37.6% | |
| South | 4.7% | 6.7% | 8.5% | 8.2% | 8.4% | 8.1% | 7.0% | 6.3% |
| West | 97.9% | 99.4% | ||||||
| Alabama |
4.4% | 2.2% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 0.8% | 0.7% | 0.6% | |
| Alaska |
||||||||
| Arizona |
100.0% | |||||||
| Arkansas |
1.4% | 3.5% | 3.0% | 2.3% | 1.3% | 0.1% | ||
| California |
100.0% | 100.0% | ||||||
| Colorado |
100.0% | |||||||
 Connecticut |
50.4% | 84.9% | 95.4% | 98.8% | 99.7% | 99.8% | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Delaware |
30.5% | 57.3% | 75.9% | 74.2% | 82.8% | 86.7% | 88.8% | 91.7% |
| District of Columbia |
16.2% | 30.7% | 37.9% | 50.5% | 66.2% | 73.2% | 77.8% | |
| Florida |
5.2% | 3.1% | 2.3% | 1.5% | ||||
| Georgia |
1.3% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.2% | 1.1% | 1.0% | 0.8% | 0.8% |
| Hawaii |
||||||||
 Idaho |
||||||||
| Illinois |
41.5% | 78.5% | 33.3% | 68.7% | 91.6% | 100.0% | 100.0% | |
| Indiana |
75.7% | 62.4% | 86.6% | 99.9% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | |
| Iowa |
91.5% | 100.0% | 100.0% | |||||
| Kansas |
99.7% | |||||||
| Kentucky |
0.9% | 1.8% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.9% | 3.9% | 4.5% | 4.5% |
| Louisiana |
18.0% | 13.2% | 13.2% | 13.1% | 6.7% | 5.3% | ||
 Maine |
100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 99.8% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Maryland |
7.2% | 15.6% | 23.3% | 27.0% | 33.9% | 40.9% | 45.3% | 49.1% |
| Massachusetts |
100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Michigan |
100.0% | 83.3% | 100.0% | 99.6% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | |
| Minnesota |
100.0% | 100.0% | ||||||
| Mississippi |
5.0% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 0.8% | 0.7% | 0.3% | 0.2% | |
| Missouri |
17.4% | 3.3% | 2.2% | 2.6% | 2.9% | 3.0% | ||
| Montana |
||||||||
| Nebraska |
81.7% | |||||||
| Nevada |
100.0% | |||||||
| New Hampshire |
79.9% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 99.5% | 99.8% | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| New Jersey |
19.5% | 26.2% | 42.0% | 62.2% | 89.0% | 96.9% | 99.0% | 99.9% |
| New Mexico |
100.0% | 100.0% | ||||||
| New York |
17.9% | 33.3% | 62.8% | 74.4% | 99.8% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| North Carolina |
4.7% | 5.0% | 5.7% | 6.7% | 7.4% | 8.5% | 8.7% | 8.4% |
 North Dakota |
||||||||
| Ohio |
100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 99.9% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | |
| Oklahoma |
||||||||
| Oregon |
100.0% | 100.0% | ||||||
| Pennsylvania |
63.6% | 89.5% | 96.6% | 99.3% | 98.9% | 99.9% | 100.0% | 100.0% |
 Rhode Island |
78.2% | 89.7% | 97.1% | 98.7% | 99.5% | 99.8% | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| South Carolina |
1.7% | 2.1% | 2.3% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 2.5% | 2.3% | 2.4% |
| South Dakota |
N/A[a] | |||||||
| Tennessee |
9.6% | 2.2% | 2.9% | 3.3% | 3.1% | 2.9% | 2.6% | 2.6% |
| Texas |
0.7% | 0.2% | ||||||
| Utah |
48.0% | 50.8% | ||||||
| Vermont |
100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Virginia |
4.1% | 5.6% | 7.3% | 8.2% | 9.3% | 10.1% | 10.2% | 10.5% |
| Washington |
100.0% | 100.0% | ||||||
| West Virginia |
11.6% | 6.8% | 10.5% | 8.5% | 10.9% | 14.1% | 13.1% | 13.1% |
| Wisconsin |
100.0% | 51.6% | 94.4% | 100.0% | 100.0% | |||
| Wyoming |
a^ No blacks, whether free or enslaved, were reported as living in South Dakota in 1860.[22]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ "Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census". Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ↑ "Explore Census Data". Archived from the original on 2021-04-29. Retrieved 2020-12-25.
- ↑ "Race - Total Population - 2010 U.S. Virgin Islands Summary File". American FactFinder. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - 1 2 "Ethnic Origin or Race. Total Population - Guam 2010 Summary File". American FactFinder. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - 1 2 "Ethnic Origin or Race. Total population - 2010 Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Summary File". American FactFinder. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - 1 2 "Ethnic Origin or Race. Total population — 2010 American Samoa Summary File". American FactFinder. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ The Founders and Slavery: Little Ventured, Little Gained, p. 427, "of representation."
- ↑ "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States". Census.gov. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
- ↑ "Powered by Google Docs". Archived from the original on December 21, 2013. Retrieved September 15, 2012. [dead link]
- ↑ "Powered by Google Docs". Archived from the original on October 20, 2021. Retrieved September 15, 2012. [dead link]
- ↑ "Race and Ethnicity in the United States". United States Census Bureau. August 12, 2021. Archived from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
- ↑ McKinnon, Jesse (August 2001). "The Black Population: 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2004. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
- ↑ "The Black Population: 2010" (PDF). Retrieved 10 February 2022.
- ↑ "Statistical Abstract of the United States (1921)" (PDF). census.gov. 1921. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
- ↑ "Statistical Abstract of the United States (1931)" (PDF). census.gov. 1931. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
- ↑ "Statistical Abstract of the United States (1941)" (PDF). census.gov. 1941. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
- ↑ "Statistical Abstract of the United States (1951)" (PDF). census.gov. 1951. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
- ↑ "Statistical Abstract of the United States (1961)" (PDF). census.gov. 1961. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
- ↑ "Statistical Abstract of the United States (1971)" (PDF). census.gov. 1971. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
- ↑ "Statistical Abstract of the United States (1981)" (PDF). census.gov. 1981. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
- ↑ "General Demographic Characteristics: U.S. Virgin Islands (2020)". data.census.gov.
- 1 2 "Population Division Working Paper No. 56" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-09-30. Retrieved 2018-08-17.
