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Benxi Formation, Zhangdian District, Zibo, Shandong, Chinai
Regional Level Types
Benxi FormationFormation
Zhangdian DistrictDistrict
ZiboPrefecture-level City
ShandongProvince
ChinaCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
36° North , 118° East (est.)
Estimate based on other nearby localities or region boundaries.
Margin of Error:
~15km
GRN:
N25E68
Type:
Formation
Kรถppen climate type:
Cwa : Monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate
Mindat Locality ID:
478200
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:478200:4
GUID (UUID V4):
0


Benxi Formation in the Zhangqiu (Jinan), Boshan (Zibo), and Zhangdian (Zibo) areas. The Upper Carboniferous Benxi Formation is the target horizon of this study, widely distributed across the North China Platform and constituting an important Late Paleozoic ore-bearing rock series (G-layer bauxite). The Benxi Formation unconformably overlies the Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation limestone, representing a period of prolonged weathering and denudation following the overall uplift of the North China Platform due to the Caledonian Orogeny, which resulted in widely developed karst weathering crusts. Its lower part is characterized by the development of ferruginous mudstone and bauxitic rock, representing redeposited eluvial material derived from a paleo-weathering crust, with poorly defined primary bedding sequences. The upper part consists of variegated mudstone and aluminous mudstone, displaying a fining-upward (retrogradational) sedimentary pattern. The thickness generally ranges within tens of meters, varying significantly laterally, strictly controlled by the underlying Ordovician karst topography, often infilling karst depressions and dissolution cavities.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


15 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded


Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

โ“˜ Anatase
Formula: TiO2
โ“˜ Brookite
Formula: TiO2
โ“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
โ“˜ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
โ“˜ 'Chlorite Group'
โ“˜ Diaspore
Formula: AlO(OH)
โ“˜ Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
โ“˜ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
โ“˜ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
โ“˜ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
โ“˜ 'K Feldspar'
โ“˜ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
โ“˜ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
โ“˜ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
โ“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
โ“˜ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
โ“˜ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
โ“˜ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
โ“˜ 'Smectite Group'
Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
โ“˜ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
โ“˜Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
โ“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
โ“˜Goethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
โ“˜Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
โ“˜Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
โ“˜Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
โ“˜Anatase4.DD.05TiO2
โ“˜Brookite4.DD.10TiO2
โ“˜Diaspore4.FD.10AlO(OH)
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
โ“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
โ“˜Siderite5.AB.05FeCO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
โ“˜Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 ยท 2H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
โ“˜Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
โ“˜Muscovite
var. Illite		9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
โ“˜9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
โ“˜Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Unclassified
โ“˜'Chlorite Group'-
โ“˜'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
โ“˜'K Feldspar'-
โ“˜'Smectite Group'-A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 ยท nH2O

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hโ“˜ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Hโ“˜ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Hโ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hโ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hโ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hโ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hโ“˜ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
CCarbon
Cโ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cโ“˜ SideriteFeCO3
OOxygen
Oโ“˜ AnataseTiO2
Oโ“˜ BrookiteTiO2
Oโ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oโ“˜ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Oโ“˜ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Oโ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oโ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Oโ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oโ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oโ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oโ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Oโ“˜ RutileTiO2
Oโ“˜ SideriteFeCO3
Oโ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oโ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oโ“˜ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
NaSodium
Naโ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
AlAluminium
Alโ“˜ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Alโ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alโ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alโ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alโ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siโ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siโ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siโ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siโ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Siโ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siโ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SSulfur
Sโ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sโ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sโ“˜ PyriteFeS2
KPotassium
Kโ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kโ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caโ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caโ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caโ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
TiTitanium
Tiโ“˜ AnataseTiO2
Tiโ“˜ BrookiteTiO2
Tiโ“˜ RutileTiO2
FeIron
Feโ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feโ“˜ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Feโ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Feโ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Feโ“˜ SideriteFeCO3
CuCopper
Cuโ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
ZrZirconium
Zrโ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

[1]Sun, Jichun; Zhao, Huiji; Wang, Dongdong; Gai, Mingchao; Lv, Dawei; Zhang, Xiaoyang; Zhang, Meng; Xu, Xinqian; Xu, Fei; Zheng, Xue (2026) Mechanism and controlling factors of paleoweathering crust Sedimentary-Type titanium deposits in the Central-Eastern North China Craton: A Case study of the Upper Carboniferous Benxi Formation in the Zibo-Zhangqiu area. Ore Geology Reviews, 195. p.107390. doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2026.107390
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